04/24/14 Memory

• Memory- the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information. 
• Memory processing
1.  Encoding- the process of information into the memory system. 
2.  Storage- the retention of encoded material over time. 
3.  Retrieval- process of getting the information  out of memory storage. 
• Recall v. Recognition 
• With recall,  you must retrieve the information from your memory (fill in the blank tests)
• With recognition, you must identify the target from possible targets (multiple choice tests) 
• Flashbulb memory- A clear moment of emotionally significant moment or event. 
• Types of memory
1.  Sensory memory 
2.  Short- term memory 
3.  Long - term memory 
• Sensory memory is the immediate,  initial recording of sensory information in the memory system. 
• Stored just for instant,  and must get unprocessed. 
• Short term memory is memory that holds a few items briefly 
• Seven digits (Plus of minus two) 
• The information will be stored into long- term or forgotten. 
• Working memory (modern day stm)
• Another way of destroying the use of short term memory is called working memory. 
• Working memory has three parts
1.  Audio 
2.  Visual 
3.  Integration of audio and visual (controls where your attention lies)
• Long- term memory 
• The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. 
• Encoding 
• Automatic Processing
• Unconscious encoding of incidental information
• You encode space, time, and word meaning without effort.
• Things can become automatic with practice.
• Effortful Processing
• Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
• Rehearsal is the most common effortful processing technique.
• Through enough rehearsal, what was effortful becomes automatic.